In the Roman Rite the first complete books known are the Sacramentaries. He himself concludes that they were certainly in existence by the fourth century. Habit and memory made the celebrant repeat more or less the same forms each Sunday the people answered his prayers with the accustomed acclamations and responses – all without books.Īdrian Fortescue, in his article on liturgical books in the 1910 Catholic Encyclopedia, quotes one writer who argued that there were liturgical books back to the time of the Apostolic Fathers, and another who claimed that there were no liturgical books even by the end of the fourth century. Even after certain forms had become so stereotyped as to make already what we should call a more or less fixed liturgy, it does not seem that there was at first any idea that they should be written down. Nothing in the liturgy was written, because nothing was fixed. In early Christianity (until perhaps the fourth century) there were no books except the Bible, from which lessons were read and psalms were sung. For instance the Roman Pontifical continued to have until the Second Vatican Council a ceremony for the first shaving of a cleric's beard. The prayers and rubrics are modified, new rites are added to the books, others are dropped, sometimes long after they have fallen into disuse. The contents of the liturgical books vary over the centuries. The Caeremoniale Episcoporum, though listed above as a liturgical book, has also been described as "not a liturgical book in the proper sense, since it is not used in liturgical celebrations". To avoid confusion between different ways of naming and classifying liturgical books, the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions has drawn up a List of Uniform Titles for Liturgical Works of the Latin Rites of the Catholic Church. The catalogue of the illuminated manuscripts of the British Library indicates how varied were the classes of liturgical books for the celebration of Mass and the Liturgy of the Hours. Other liturgical books that no longer exist today, were in use in the past, such as the Epistolary and the Sacramentary (in the proper sense of this word). Liturgical books exist also for rare occasions, such as the Order of Rites for the Conclave and the Order of the Rites for the Beginning of the Petrine Ministry of the Bishop of Rome, issued in 2005. In 2001, the Fifth Instruction for the Right Implementation of the Constitution on the Liturgy of the Second Vatican Council listed several more. Official liturgical books that appear in neither of the above lists also exist, such as the Lectionary and the Evangeliary or Gospel Book. Some names, such as the Ritual and the Pontifical, refer not to a single volume but to a collection of books that fit within the same category. Another sevenfold list indicates, instead of the last two, the Cæremoniale Episcoporum, and the Memoriale Rituum. These liturgical books have been classified as seven: the Missal, the Pontifical, the Liturgy of the Hours (in earlier editions called the Breviary), the Ritual, the Martyrology, the Gradual, and the Antiphonary. the " Roman Missal", to distinguish them from the liturgical books for the other rites of the Church. The titles of some of these books contain the adjective "Roman", e.g. The Roman Rite of the Latin or Western Church of the Catholic Church is the most widely celebrated of the scores of Catholic liturgical rites. The liturgical books of the Roman Rite are the official books containing the words to be recited and the actions to be performed in the celebration of Catholic liturgy as done in Rome. JSTOR ( January 2023) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Īn illustration explaining the purpose of different Roman Rite liturgical books.Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.įind sources: "Liturgical books of the Roman Rite" – news Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification.
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